Good vsBad Cholesterol By American Heart
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in the
bloodstream and in all your body's cells. Your body makes all the cholesterol
it needs. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL or 'bad') cholesterol can join with fats
and other substances to build up in the inner walls of your arteries. The
arteries can become clogged and narrow, and blood flow is reduced. High-density
lipoprotein (HDL or 'good') carries harmful cholesterol away
Cholesterol can't dissolve
in the blood. It has to be transported to and from the cells by carriers called
lipoproteins. Low-density lipoprotein, or LDL, is known as "bad"
cholesterol. High-density lipoprotein, or HDL, is known as "good"
cholesterol. These two types of lipids, along with triglycerides and Lp(a)
cholesterol, make up your total cholesterol count, which can be determined
through a blood test.
LDL (Bad) Cholesterol
When too much LDL (bad) cholesterol circulates
in the blood, it can slowly build up in the inner walls of the arteries that
feed the heart and brain. Together with other substances, it can form plaque, a
thick, hard deposit that can narrow the arteries and make them less flexible.
This condition is known as atherosclerosis. If a clot forms and blocks a narrowed artery,
heart attack or stroke can result.
HDL (Good) Cholesterol
About one-fourth to one-third of blood cholesterol is carried by high-density lipoprotein (HDL). HDL cholesterol is known as "good" cholesterol, because high levels of HDL seem to protect against heart attack. Low levels of HDL (less than 40 mg/dL) also increase the risk of heart disease. Medical experts think that HDL tends to carry cholesterol away from the arteries and back to the liver, where it's passed from the body. Some experts believe that HDL removes excess cholesterol from arterial plaque, slowing its buildup.
About one-fourth to one-third of blood cholesterol is carried by high-density lipoprotein (HDL). HDL cholesterol is known as "good" cholesterol, because high levels of HDL seem to protect against heart attack. Low levels of HDL (less than 40 mg/dL) also increase the risk of heart disease. Medical experts think that HDL tends to carry cholesterol away from the arteries and back to the liver, where it's passed from the body. Some experts believe that HDL removes excess cholesterol from arterial plaque, slowing its buildup.
Triglycerides
Triglyceride is a form of fat made in the body. Elevated triglycerides can be due to overweight/obesity, physical inactivity, cigarette smoking, excess alcohol consumption and a diet very high in carbohydrates (60 percent of total calories or more). People with high triglycerides often have a high total cholesterol level, including a high LDL (bad) level and a low HDL (good) level. Many people with heart disease and/or diabetes also have high triglyceride levels.
Triglyceride is a form of fat made in the body. Elevated triglycerides can be due to overweight/obesity, physical inactivity, cigarette smoking, excess alcohol consumption and a diet very high in carbohydrates (60 percent of total calories or more). People with high triglycerides often have a high total cholesterol level, including a high LDL (bad) level and a low HDL (good) level. Many people with heart disease and/or diabetes also have high triglyceride levels.
Lp(a) Cholesterol
Lp(a) is a genetic variation of LDL (bad) cholesterol. A high level of Lp(a) is a significant risk factor for the premature development of fatty deposits in arteries. Lp(a) isn't fully understood, but it may interact with substances found in artery walls and contribute to the buildup of fatty deposits.
Lp(a) is a genetic variation of LDL (bad) cholesterol. A high level of Lp(a) is a significant risk factor for the premature development of fatty deposits in arteries. Lp(a) isn't fully understood, but it may interact with substances found in artery walls and contribute to the buildup of fatty deposits.
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